ADAA315E03AD129?v=1.0' alt='Enable Virtualization Patch' title='Enable Virtualization Patch' />Masters guide to VMware Fault Tolerance. Sep 2. 4 2. 00. 9   9 3. PM GMTIve written about the v. Spheres new Fault Tolerance FT feature several times and wanted to put the information together in one blog, as well as include some new information. Weve broken this guide into several sections as its a bit lengthy, so you can skim the witty titles and decide if a section for you, or if youd rather keep on truckin to the next section. But first, if youd like to check out my previous posts on FT, they are available here I. And VMware said, Let there be Fault ToleranceFault Tolerance was introduced as a new feature in v. Sphere that provided something that was missing in VMware Infrastructure 3 VI3, the ability to have continuous availability for a virtual machine in case of a host failure. High Availability HA was a feature introduced in VI3 to protect against host failures, but it caused the VM to go down for a short period of time while it was restarted on another host. FB16979A05D/image-size/original?v=v2&px=-1' alt='Enable Virtualization Patch' title='Enable Virtualization Patch' />FT takes that to the next level and guarantees the VM stays operational during a host failure by keeping a secondary copy of it running on another host server. If a host fails, the secondary VM becomes the primary VM and a new secondary is created on another functional host. The primary VM and secondary VM stay in sync with each other by using a technology called RecordReplay that was first introduced with VMware Workstation. RecordReplay works by recording the computer execution on a VM and saving it as a log file. It can then take that recorded information and replay it on another VM to have a replica copy that is a duplicate of the original VM. II. Power to the processors. The technology behind the RecordReplay functionality is built in to certain models of Intel and AMD processors. VMware calls it v. Lockstep. This technology required Intel and AMD to make changes to both the performance counter architecture and virtualization hardware assists Intel VT and AMD V that are inside the physical processors. Because of this, only newer processors support the FT feature. This includes the third gen AMD Opteron based on the AMD Barcelona, Budapest and Shanghai processor families, and Intel Xeon processors based on the Penryn and Nehalem micro architectures and their successors. VMware has published a knowledgebase article that provides more details on this. III. But how does it do thatFT works by creating a secondary VM on another ESX host that shares the same virtual disk file as the primary VM, and then transferring the CPU and virtual device inputs from the primary VM record to the secondary VM replay via a FT logging network interface card NIC so it is in sync with the primary VM and ready to take over in case of a failure. While both the primary and secondary VMs receive the same inputs, only the primary VM produces output such as disk writes and network transmits. Client For Microsoft Networks Qos Packet Scheduler Windows. The secondary VMs output is suppressed by the hypervisor and is not on the network until it becomes a primary VM, so essentially both VMs function as a single VM. Macrium Reflect Licence Key. Its important to note that not everything that happens on the primary VM is copied to the secondary VM. 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Enable Virtualization Patch' title='Enable Virtualization Patch' />There are certain actions and instructions that are not relevant to the secondary VM, and to record everything would take up a huge amount of disk space and processing power. Instead, only non deterministic events are recorded, which include inputs to the VM disk reads, received network traffic, keystrokes, mouse clicks, etc., and certain CPU events RDTSC, interrupts, etc. Inputs are then fed to the secondary VM at the same execution point so it is in exactly the same state as the primary VM. The information from the primary VM is copied to the secondary VM using a special logging network that is configured on each host server. This requires a dedicated gigabit NIC for the FT Logging traffic although not a hard requirement, this is highly recommended. You could use a shared NIC for FT Logging for small or testdev environments and for testing the feature. The information that is sent over the FT Logging network between the host can be very intensive depending on the operation of the VM. VMware has a formula that you can use to determine this VMware FT logging bandwidth Avg disk reads MBs x 8 Avg network input Mbps x 1. To get the VM statistics needed for this formula you need to use the performance metrics that are supplied in the v. Enable Virtualization Patch' title='Enable Virtualization Patch' />Sphere client. The 2. CPU events that also need to be transmitted and are not included in the formula. Note that disk or network writes are not used by FT as these do not factor in to the state of the virtual machine. As you can see, disk reads will typically take up the most bandwidth. If you have a VM that does a lot of disk reading you can reduce the amount of disk read traffic across the FT Logging network by using a special VM parameter. By adding a replay. Read. Data checksum parameter to the VMX file of the VM, this will cause the secondary VM to read data directly from the shared disk, instead of having it transmitted over the FT logging network. For more information on this see this knowledgebase article. IV. Every rose has its thorn. While Fault Tolerance is a useful technology, it does have many requirements and limitations that you should be aware of. Perhaps the biggest is that it currently only supports single v. CPU VMs, which is unfortunate as many big enterprise applications that would benefit from FT usually need multiple v. CPUs v. SMP. Dont let this discourage you from running FT, however, as you may find that some applications will run just fine with one v. CPU on some of the newer, faster processors that are available as detailed here. Also, VMware has mentioned that support for v. SMP will come in a future release. Its no easy task trying to keep a single v. CPU in lockstep between hosts and VMware developers need more time to develop methods to try and keep multiple v. CPUs in lockstep between hosts. Additional requirements for VMs and hosts are as follows Host requirements CPUs Only recent HV compatible processors AMD Barcelona, Intel Harpertown, processors must be the same family. All hosts must be running the same build of VMware ESXStorage shared storage FC, i. SCSI, or NASHosts must be in an HA enabled cluster. Network and storage redundancy to improve reliability NIC teaming, storage multipathing. Separate VMotion NIC and FT logging NIC, each Gigabit Ethernet 1. GB recommended. Hence, minimum of 4 NICs VMotion, FT Logging, two for VM trafficService ConsoleCPU clock speeds between the two ESX hosts must be within 4. Mhz of each other. VM requirements VMs must be single processor no v. SMPAll VM disks must be thick fully allocated and not thin if a VM has a thin disk it will be converted to thick when FT is enabled. No non replayable devices USB, sound, physical CD ROM, physical floppy, physical Raw Device MappingsMake sure paravirtualization is not enabled by default Ubuntu Linux 78 and SUSE Linux 1. Best Wii Vc Games 2011'>Best Wii Vc Games 2011. Most guest operating systems are supported with the following exceptions that apply only to hosts with third generation AMD Opteron processors i. Barcelona, Budapest, Shanghai Windows XP 3. Windows 2. 00. 0, Solaris 1. See this KB article for more. In addition to these requirements your hosts must also be licensed to use the FT feature, which is only included in the Advanced, Enterprise and Enterprise Plus editions of v. Sphere. V. How to use Fault Tolerance in your environment. Product Documentation Red Hat Customer Portal.